Article 22
Bio-waste
Member States shall take measures, as appropriate, and in accordance with Articles 4 and 13, to encourage:
(a)
the separate collection of bio-waste with a view to the composting and digestion of bio-waste;
(b)
the treatment of bio-waste in a way that fulfils a high level of environmental protection;
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the use of environmentally safe materials produced from bio-waste.
The Commission shall carry out an assessment on the management of bio-waste with a view to submitting a proposal if appropriate. The assessment shall examine the opportunity of setting minimum requirements for bio-waste management and quality criteria for compost and digestate from bio-waste, in order to guarantee a high level of protection for human health and the environment.
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32008L0098
Directives are the closest thing the EU has to laws. But that’s true, the description and implementation of Article 22 has been fairly loose.
In Sweden the article has been interpreted as mandatory food waste bins, and bans on in-sink food disposals, but it’s possible that other countries have different interpretations.