Video is nearly 3 years old now, but I think it’s worth watching. Her presentation starts at around 2:30.
Basically, she explains how Redbean, a tiny (~450kb) and very fast C http server, works and how the same executable can be used to deploy it on most operating systems (she starts explaining that around 14:30)
Justine is also the mind behind Sector LISP, Lambda Calculus in 383 bytes, considerable optimizations to LLamaAI, plus several other things.
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That nexe looks nothing like cosmopolitan. Nexe compiles a node.js into a single exe for Windows and, from the readme, can create native binaries for other distributions (Linux, Mac), something that isn’t new to Nexe, you could do that with FreePascal way before Nexe. If you avoided OS specific calls, you could pull that since the early 90s with C, too.
Compiling the same codebase for N different platforms, generating N different native binaries, isn’t the same as having one single executable file that runs out of the box on significantly different OSs. Put it another way, she made a java that works without needing a JRE or JDK installed.
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If you do find it, be sure to tell, I’d love to take a look